The small town of Hatta is situated at the foot of the Hajar Mountains, a chain that stretch out the south-eastern edge of the Arabian Peninsula, along the Gulf of Oman. This mountain range, shared by Oman and the United Arab Emirates, features the Samail ophiolite, the largest and best-preserved ophiolite complex in the world. The landscape of the region is characterized by high rocky mountains with towering peaks and water channels dug throughout the ages. The fertile valleys are rich in natural resources and water, due to seasonal rains in wadis and sources. Heavy rainfalls recharge the shallow groundwater, producing large floods that refill the reservoirs downstream, in particular the two major dams of Hatta and Al Ghabra. Hence, Hatta region embodies a rare and representative mountain freshwater ecosystem, which is home to a large number of species. To protect the biodiversity of this natural environment, a large area to the south of Hatta town has been internationally designated since 2019 as Hatta Mountain Reserve (Ramsar Site), and other zones of the region are protected as conservation areas by the Emirate of Dubai.
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