Sai is a large island in the Nile (12x5.5 km) situated between the second and third cataracts of the Nile in Upper Nubia, in a strategic position just at the southern end of the Batn el-Hagar and provided excellent conditions for settlement and cultivation. It has a long history of occupation, dating from Palaeolithic times right through to Ottoman and the present day. It is well known that the Egyptian involvement in Nubia was intensive during the New Kingdom and Sai Island played a major role in this era. It is located in a border region, close to the second cataract area, which has been the spotlight of various and changing interactions between ancient Egypt and Kush since Predynastic times.
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